Лестница для погреба делится на два типа
Выбор материала для изготовления лестницы в погреб дома
Совет: недавно залитая бетоном конструкция не подлежит окраске, ей необходимо дать отстояться не меньше месяца.
Основные параметры лестницы в погреб
Вычисления размера ступеней лестницы
Соотношение ширины и высоты ступеней рассчитывается исходя из среднего шага человека, который составляет 60-64 см. Здесь необходимо сложить двойную высоту ступеньки с шириной проступи и прировнять к шагу человека, далее решается как обычное уравнение.
Например, наиболее удобная высота ступени составляет 15 см, тогда:
Или можно расчет произвести от следующего параметра ширины ступеньки, которая составляет 28 см:
Такие вычисления помогают определить наиболее оптимальное соотношение параметров ступеней.
Рассчитать длину лестницы можно двумя способами:
Количество ступеней вычисляется делением длины будущего сооружения на их высоту. Если взять за основу 2,5 м лестницу и разделить на оптимальную высоту 0,13 см, то получится 19,2 ступеньки. Здесь сразу следует отметить, что последняя ступень приходится на самый низ конструкции, поэтому ее монтаж не выполняется. При получении такого дробного результата можно выполнить следующие действия:
Приставные лестницы
Ниже представлены 4 самых простых варианта приставных лестниц, осуществить которые по силам даже начинающему строителю.
Деревянная лестница в погреб
Вариант первый
Для изготовления конструкции длиной 240 см, шириной 60 см и с шагом 30 см понадобится:
Этапы работ
Второй вариант
Чтобы выполнить 2-ух метровую лестницу, ширина марша которой составляет 80 см, а высота ступеней равняется 22 см необходимо:
Эту конструкцию планируется установить с уклоном в 30, данный параметр очень важно учитывать при ее сборке.
Этапы работ
Металлическая лестница в погреб
Лестница из труб монтируется довольно быстро и легко, здесь крепить элементы можно при помощи сварного аппарата или применить инверторное оборудование для домашнего использования.
Первый вариант
Так, например, для выполнения конструкции длиною 2,2 м, с шириной марша 70 см и шагом 25 см необходим следующий материал:
Этапы работ
Второй вариант
Следующий способ изготовления железной лестницы в погреб представляет собой каркас, где ступени могут быть из рифленого металла или дерева.
Изготавливается он из швеллера 50х100 мм и уголка 50х50 мм.
Этапы работ
Как сделать лестницу в погреб из бетона
Несомненно, бетонная лестница для такого вида помещения идеальный вариант. Ей не страшна коррозия, со временем не прогнется и не начнет скрипеть. Установка готовой бетонной лестницы, которая может быть типовой или изготовлена по индивидуальному эскизу, производится на этапе строительства здания.
Но, если есть желание изготовить ее своими руками, то необходимо подготовиться к существенным затратам и трудоемкому процессу.
Совет: здесь нужны тщательные расчеты составляющих: цемента, песка, пиломатериала. К тому же особое внимание следует уделить и параметрам самой конструкции: размерам ступенек, высоте лестницы ее наклону и т. д. Ведь сооружение монолитное, поэтому невозможно будет внести какие-либо изменения или поправки.
Этапы работ
Опалубка
Основными требованиями к строительству опалубки являются:
Армирование
Бетонирование
Готовая конструкция
Буквально уже через несколько дней после заливки можно выполнить демонтаж каркаса. Он проходит поэтапно:
Конечно, приставные лестницы для таких помещений как погреб или подвал имеют преимущества минимальные временные и материальные затраты, к тому же их легко убрать или просто передвинуть.
Но подниматься и спускаться по ним, особенно если в одной руке банка огурцов, а в другой сумка с картошкой, весьма неудобно. В этой ситуации встанет дилемма держать равновесие или беречь зимние запасы.
Из чего соорудить лестницу и как подобрать оптимальный вариант конструкции, несомненно, решать владельцу погреба.
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