Надежные, ровные и теплые полы, способные на протяжении достаточно длительного периода времени выдерживать большие нагрузки, являются мечтой любого человека, который решил построить или отремонтировать частный деревянный дом. Именно от качества и способа обустройства напольных покрытий зависят эксплуатационные характеристики всей постройки в целом.
Для того, чтобы выполненные работы долгое время радовали красотой и качеством жильцов, следует тщательно подойти к вопросу монтажа чернового пола в деревянном доме.
Итак, понятие черновой пол является достаточно широким, включающим в себя множество различных аспектов. По мнению специалистов черновым полом можно назвать любое основание, которое в конечном счете будет закрыто финишным покрытием. Помимо этого, черновым полом еще является и нижняя часть дощатого пола, который имеет достаточно сложную схему монтажа.
Основные аспекты
На сегодняшний день многие люди при строительстве деревянного дома стремятся самостоятельно выполнить укладку полов. Такая тенденция обусловлена рядом аспектов. Самым главным из них является желание немного сэкономить. Если заранее тщательно изучить все тонкости и нюансы монтажа, а также грамотно подойти к решению данного вопроса, пол будет радовать соей исправной работой не один десяток лет. Перед началом монтажа, следует прочитать советы специалистов или других людей, которые сталкивались с решением данного вопроса.
Не все знают, что перед укладкой следует продумать вентиляцию подпола. Профессионалы в этом случае советуют в углах дома просверлить несколько небольших отверстий, которые можно закрыть решеткой.
Помимо этого, подготовленную поверхность следует тщательно обработать специальным антисептическим раствором. Не стоит упускать из внимания и необходимость в изоляции. Ведь в деревянном доме влага из под земли может быстро распространиться по всему помещению.
Пошаговая инструкция
Перед тем, как положить черновой пол в деревянном доме своими руками, следует выяснить, какой толщины будут используемые доски, а также рассчитать слой утеплителя.
1. На первом этапе работы следует подготовить лаги. Их нужно тщательно обработать антисептическим раствором. Если говорить более конкретно, то по своей сути лаги представляют обыкновенные бруски, которые служат в качестве каркаса для будущего напольного покрытия. Как правило, лаги изготавливаются из древесины третьего или второго сорта. Лаги можно устанавливать по перекрытию или по основанию. Если выбран первый способ, то в стенах следует сделать специальные пазы. Подготовленные бруски должны точно по размеру лечь в пазы. В качестве дополнительной опоры можно использовать кирпичные столбы. Частота расположения лаг зависит от толщины досок.
2. Для придания дополнительной опоры под черновой пол укладываются специальные бруски. Достаточно использовать брус размером 50х50 миллиметров. Он крепится с обеих сторон к нижней части лаг. Для того, чтобы можно было немного сэкономить, следует приобретать не отдельные бруски, а купить доску размером 150х50 миллиметров и поделить ее на три части.
3. На современном отечественном рынке представлен широчайший ассортимент материалов, которые можно использовать при укладке напольного покрытия. Чаще всего применяют ДСП, ОСБ или фанеру. Лучше всего подходят плиты толщиной около 20 миллиметров. При необходимости можно взять два листа толщиной по 12 миллиметров и положить их друг на друга. Крепление досок для чернового пола осуществляется с помощью саморезов. Стыки должны приходиться на центральную ось используемых дополнительно балок. При таком подходе пол будет крепким и надежным.
Тонкости и нюансы монтажа
В заключение стоит отметить, что если тщательно изучить основные нюансы укладки черного пола, то справиться с данной задачей сможет даже не профессионал. Не стоит для обустройства чернового пола использовать качественный материал. Это обусловлено тем, что черновое покрытие очень сильно реагирует на высокий уровень влажности и перепады температуры. Со временем материл деформируется, что приведет к ненужным расходам. И не стоит забывать про необходимость использования антисептических растворов. Тщательно обрабатывайте поверхность, чтобы она исправно прослужила как можно больше времени.
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