Особой популярностью сейчас пользуются современные полимерные полы, так как они являются доступными даже для непрофессионалов. Ввиду того, что в своем составе полимерные полы не содержат цемента, нет необходимости добавлять в смесь воду для начала процесса отверждения.
Современные наливные покрытия – это смесь из двух компонентов, имеющих акриловую, эпоксидную либо полиэфирную основу.
Покрытия с основой из эпоксидной смолы являются наиболее устойчивыми к агрессивным химикатам и статическому электричеству. Однако нужно учесть, что эпоксидные составы очень быстро твердеют, следовательно, работать с ними необходимо с достаточно высокой скоростью для того, чтобы сцепление основания с покрытием была на качественном уровне.
Инструменты для монтажа
Кончено, монтаж полимерных полов своими руками не требует каких-либо специфических инструментов, но так или иначе есть определенные нюансы, например то, что при перемещении свеженалитого пола нужно быть в специальной шипованной обуви с металлическими подошвами.
Для регулирования толщины покрытия необходим специальный инструмент – ракель, который нужно приобрести со специальными вкладышами в комплекте, которые позволяют производить регулировку.
Ракель
Для нанесения смеси необходимы несколько малярных шпателей разной ширины. Также нужна спиральная насадка для дрели для перемешивания смеси, а также пластмассовый валик для того, чтобы устранить пузырьки воздуха с поверхности покрытия.
Очень важно иметь в наличии средства индивидуальной защиты, такие как респиратор, специальный строительный комбинезон и перчатки.
Технология укладки полимерного покрытия
Изготовить полимерный пол своими руками вполне реально, однако нужно быть готовым к немалым затратам.
Процесс изготовление полимерного пола состоит из нескольких этапов:
- подготовка основания покрытия;
- предварительная (черновая) грунтовка покрытия;
- укладка самого полимерного покрытия;
- устранение деформационных швов.
В случае, когда полимерное покрытие монтируется на бетонное черновое основание, очень важно соответствие бетона определенным параметрам (влажность основания – не выше 4%, прочность на отрыв – не ниже 1,5 МПа, марка не ниже М200).
Необходимо очень тщательно проверить, чтобы исходная поверхность была ровной, а также осуществить обеспыливание поверхности бетона при помощи пылесоса.
В случае, когда бетонное основание нуждается в капитальном ремонте, нужно сделать новую стяжку, и когда стяжка будет готова, выполнить последующие работы. Если бетонная поверхность пористая, то можно сделать дополнительную упрочняющую пропитку.
Для улучшения сцепления полимерного слоя с бетоном выполняется грунтовка основания. В состав грунтовки также можно добавить кварцевый песок, что значительно улучшит процесс сцепления. После нанесения с промежутками двух слоев грунтовки с песком мы получим грубую поверхность, напоминающую по своей структуре наждачную бумагу.
Не ранее, чем через четыре часа с момента нанесения грунтовки в течение первых суток можем приступить к монтажу наливного покрытия. Этот процесс следует начать со смешивания компонентов, делая это очень тщательно, чтобы в смеси не оставалось каких-либо неоднородностей.
Чтобы убрать с залитой поверхности все пузырьки воздуха, нужно несколько раз прокатать игольчатым валиком. Разумеется, что для данной процедуры инструмент должен быть качественным. Следует подготовить его заранее, ведь прокатку всей поверхности нужно выполнить не более, чем за пятнадцать-двадцать минут.
Трехмерные полимерные полы
Чаще всего в жилых помещениях устраивают трехмерные полимерные покрытия полов. Конечно, их можно изготовить и самостоятельно, но если учесть, что проведение таких работ носит определенные сложности, а также немалую стоимость расходных материалов, все же рекомендуется доверить работу специалистам.
Кроме того, для устройства трехмерных полов требуется специфический инструмент, расходы на приобретение которого не оправдывают себя, особенно, если планируется устройство трехмерного полимерного пола только в одном помещении. Разумеется, такой инструмент можно взять в аренду, однако следует корректно оценить свои технические и финансовые возможности, так как в устройстве наливных покрытий существует много нюансов, которые могут быть не учтены новичком.
Советы специалистов
В первую очередь необходимо правильно выбрать состав полимерного покрытия. Так, например, полиуретановые составы полимерного покрытия имеют достаточно высокую степень эластичности и поэтому могут противостоять без потерь различным ударным и шлифовальным нагрузкам. В свою очередь эпоксидные смеси полимерных покрытий являются менее эластичными, однако имеют хорошую устойчивость к агрессивным химикатам разного рода.
Необходимо отметить, что специалисты советуют приобретать сразу всю систему для монтажа наливных полов у одного и того же производителя, а именно ремонтные смеси, компоненты полиуретанового раствора и грунтовку. Именно это обеспечит высокую прочность покрытия благодаря тому, что все компоненты каждого состава максимально будут сочетаться друг с другом.
Важно учесть абсолютно все этапы устройства наливного покрытия. Малейшая несплошность чернового основания наливного покрытия может вскоре привести к отставанию полимера.
Правильный выбор полимерного покрытия
Так как в случае квартирного использования наливных полов химические и механические воздействия не так высоки, то состав полимерных полов может быть любой.
Наряду с этим, критериями выбора состава полимерного пола для жилых помещений могут быть быстрота застывания, декоративность, срок эксплуатации. Относительно срока эксплуатации можно отметить, что выполненный из качественных компонентов наливной пол в квартире может прослужить до 50 лет.
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