В наши дни очень актуально применение электрического теплого пола, преимущественно при подогреве керамической плитки, обогреве лоджии, бани либо веранды. Также такие полы используют как дополнение к основному виду отопления. Укладка такого пола достаточно проста, если следовать инструкциям.
Схема теплого электрического пола
Структуру электрического пола начиная от нижнего слоя следующая:
- основной черновой пол из бетона, который необходимо выполнять максимально ровно, без впадин и бугорков, чтобы не пережечь кабель;
- теплоизолирующая неплавкая подложка под электрический пол, например, пенополистирол либо пенополиэтилен с отражающим слоем из фольги толщину, которой подбирают соответственно температурным нагрузкам;
- крепежная система, представляющая собой монтажную ленту либо арматурную сетку;
- нагревательный кабель с наличием температурного датчика, который подает информацию на терморегулятор;
- заливка специальной смеси для теплых полов либо цементно-песочная стяжка толщиной около 3-5 сантиметров;
- напольное финишное покрытие, в большинстве случаев плитка, но возможна прокладка и иного покрытия.
Материалы
Электрический теплый пол бывает двух разновидностей :
- Пол, который сформирован методом самостоятельной укладки кабеля нагревания.
- Пол с нагревательными матами, то есть стеклосетка, в которой имеется уже проложенный кабель.
Принципиального отличия между этими разновидностями нет. В первом случае имеется свобода режима обогрева и расположения кабеля, а также возможность использования нагревательного кабеля, как для основной, так и для дополнительной системы отопления. Маты же, как правило, используют для дополнительного обогрева.
Кабели в свою очередь бывают резистивные и саморегулирующиеся.Резистивный состоит из одной либо двух жил, которые обладают повышенным сопротивлением. Он также называется одножильным либо двужильным.
Двужильные кабели довольно просты в монтаже и оборудованы системой рассеивания электромагнитного излучения намного лучше. Саморегулирующийся кабель немного отличается по конструкции.
В данном случае, исходя из своей конструкции, по всей длине кабеля происходит процесс самостоятельной регуляции силы тока, влияющей на нагревательный элемент. Благодаря этому кабель не перегревается на каком-либо участке и не нарушает систему обогрева, в отличие от кабеля первого типа. Однако такой вариант обходится дороже по цене.
Порядок работы
При формировании электрического пола важен правильный расчет мощности системы обогрева для конкретного помещения. Также температуру пола следует учесть при подборе покрытия пола. Общие данные для помещений различного типа следующие:
- в спальне — 100 -150 Вт/кв.м;
- в коридоре, кухне и прихожей комнате — 150 Вт/кв.м;
- в ванной и туалете — 180 Вт/кв.м;
- на балконе или в лоджии — 200 Вт/кв.м.
Так или иначе рекомендуется обратиться к услугам специалиста, который точно определит нужную мощность и поможет подобрать нужные материалы. Таким же образом должна составляться схема электрического теплового пола. Участие специалиста также необходимо при подключении системы и проведении от распределительного щита дополнительной усиленной линии проводки. Монтажные работы же можно проводить самостоятельно.
Выравнивание полов и укладка теплоизоляции
В случае, если теплый пол служит в качестве основного источника обогрева следует обязательно применить слой теплоизоляции, толщина которого зависит от того, что уложено непосредственно под покрытием пола. Лучше всего для этого подходит пенополистирол 35-ой плотности. Для помещений выше первого этажа при наличии внизу отапливаемого помещения достаточно применить утеплитель толщиной 2 сантиметра. Для помещений же первого этажа с наличием отапливаемого подвала рекомендуется применение утеплителя толщиной 3 сантиметра. Для помещений первого этажа без отапливаемых подвалов, балконов, а также помещений, находящихся над арочными сквозными пролетами следует использовать утеплитель толщиной не менее 5 сантиметров, а в домах с бетонной подушкой, лежащей на грунте – 10 сантиметров.
Слой теплоизоляции можно прикрепить при помощи специальных дюбелей либо уложить на специальный клей. Полы необходимо делать ровными, без ям, трещин и перекосов. В обратном случае трещины заделываются цементным раствором, а при перекосе делается черновая стяжка и выравнивается пол. Перед укладкой теплоизоляции поверхность обрабатывается грунтовкой, которая препятствует образованию плесени, а при склеивании слоя теплоизоляции благодаря грунтовке повышается сцепление материалов между собой. Плиты клеятся либо закрепляются в нескольких местах посредством дюбелей. По поверхности фиксируют штукатурную сетку при помощи пластиковых плит либо дюбелей с шайбами, равными по длине толщине слоя теплоизоляции. Такой крепеж дополнительно прикрепляет к полу плиты.
Расчет кабеля
Кабель должен покрывать поверхность помещения на 80% площади всего помещения. На 1 квадратный метр закладывается мощность в рамках 180-200 Вт/ м². Необходимо до укладки проверить сопротивление секций кабеля. Допустимо отклонение около 10% в обе стороны от показателя, указанного в техпаспорте. Кабель не прокладывается в местах нахождения бытовой техники, крупногабаритной мебели без опорных ножек. От стен отступают на 5-7 сантиметров. Далее рассчитывается шаг для укладки кабеля. В сантиметрах шаг равняется площади обогрева, умножаемой на 100 и делимой на длину кабеля. До укладки кабеля следует учесть то, что секция одножильного кабеля соединяется с нагревательным проводом в двух концах, а у двужильного кабеля с одного.
Подготовительные работы
Чтобы установить терморегулятор в стене на месте крепления вырезается углубление и проделывается штроба до пола. Посредством алебастра крепят монтажную коробку для терморегулятора. Из нее выходит гофрированная трубка, которая укладывается в штобру и замазывается алебастром. Конец трубки на 40 сантиметров заводят в зону обогрева, расположив ее так, чтобы термодатчик находился между витками кабеля в центре. У трубы не должно быть резких изгибов. Под ее конец, на место расположения датчика, подкладывается материал для возвышения для того, чтобы датчик находился почти под полом, правильно фиксируя температуру. Трубку на конце следует плотно закрыть с помощью изоленты для предотвращения попадания в нее раствора при стяжке.
Укладка кабеля
Кабель располагают змейкой, при этом соблюдают вычисленный шаг. Можно зафиксировать его к металлической сетке при помощи пластиковых стяжек минимальной длины. Затем после укладки проверяется и записывается сопротивление кабеля, зарисовывается схема расположения витков кабеля, включается и проверяется работоспособность системы. После этого все отключается, снимается терморегулятор до завершения работ по отделке пола.
I’m not sure where you are getting your information, but good topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more. Thanks for fantastic information I was looking for this information for my mission.
Hello, you used to write excellent, but the last several posts have been kinda boring… I miss your super writings. Past several posts are just a little out of track! come on!
My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find most of your post’s to be precisely what I’m looking for. Would you offer guest writers to write content in your case? I wouldn’t mind producing a post or elaborating on most of the subjects you write about here. Again, awesome blog!
I don’t even know how I stopped up here, but I assumed this submit was great. I don’t recognise who you are but certainly you’re going to a famous blogger in the event you aren’t already 😉 Cheers!
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive learn anything like this before. So nice to find someone with some original ideas on this subject. realy thank you for starting this up. this website is one thing that’s needed on the web, someone with just a little originality. helpful job for bringing one thing new to the web!
Hello there, I discovered your website via Google whilst looking for a similar matter, your website got here up, it appears to be like good. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
Wow, amazing weblog format! How long have you been blogging for? you made blogging glance easy. The entire glance of your website is magnificent, as neatly as the content material!
That is the best blog for anyone who needs to search out out about this topic. You notice a lot its virtually laborious to argue with you (not that I really would need…HaHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on a subject thats been written about for years. Great stuff, just great!
I do enjoy the manner in which you have framed this particular situation and it does indeed offer me a lot of fodder for consideration. Nonetheless, because of what I have witnessed, I just simply hope when the actual remarks stack on that individuals keep on issue and in no way embark on a soap box involving the news du jour. Still, thank you for this excellent point and even though I do not necessarily go along with the idea in totality, I regard your perspective.
I’m not that much of a online reader to be honest but your sites really nice, keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back in the future. All the best
Hi! Do you know if they make any plugins to help with Search Engine Optimization? I’m trying to get my blog to rank for some targeted keywords but I’m not seeing very good results. If you know of any please share. Thank you!
There are actually a number of details like that to take into consideration. That is a great level to convey up. I supply the thoughts above as common inspiration however clearly there are questions just like the one you deliver up the place the most important factor will probably be working in trustworthy good faith. I don?t know if best practices have emerged around things like that, however I’m positive that your job is clearly identified as a fair game. Both girls and boys really feel the impression of just a second’s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.
Hello there, simply became aware of your weblog thru Google, and located that it is really informative. I am gonna be careful for brussels. I will appreciate should you continue this in future. Numerous other people will likely be benefited out of your writing. Cheers!
I really like your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you make this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you? Plz reply as I’m looking to construct my own blog and would like to know where u got this from. appreciate it
I think that is one of the so much important info for me. And i am glad studying your article. However want to statement on some normal things, The website taste is wonderful, the articles is in reality excellent : D. Good job, cheers
I will right away clutch your rss as I can not to find your e-mail subscription link or newsletter service. Do you have any? Kindly allow me understand in order that I may just subscribe. Thanks.
Whoa! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a totally different subject but it has pretty much the same layout and design. Wonderful choice of colors!
F*ckin’ amazing issues here. I’m very satisfied to peer your article. Thank you so much and i am having a look forward to contact you. Will you please drop me a mail?
WONDERFUL Post.thanks for share..more wait .. …
With every little thing that seems to be building inside this particular subject material, all your perspectives tend to be very exciting. Having said that, I appologize, because I can not subscribe to your whole suggestion, all be it radical none the less. It appears to everybody that your commentary are actually not entirely rationalized and in simple fact you are generally your self not really fully convinced of the argument. In any case I did take pleasure in examining it.
I’m still learning from you, but I’m trying to reach my goals. I absolutely liked reading all that is written on your website.Keep the tips coming. I loved it!
I do like the manner in which you have framed this specific situation plus it does indeed provide me personally a lot of fodder for consideration. Nonetheless, coming from everything that I have seen, I basically wish as the actual feed-back pack on that men and women stay on issue and don’t start on a tirade regarding some other news du jour. All the same, thank you for this exceptional point and while I can not really go along with it in totality, I regard the standpoint.
There are actually quite a lot of details like that to take into consideration. That may be a nice point to convey up. I provide the ideas above as normal inspiration however clearly there are questions like the one you carry up the place crucial thing can be working in trustworthy good faith. I don?t know if greatest practices have emerged around issues like that, however I am sure that your job is clearly identified as a fair game. Both girls and boys really feel the impact of only a moment’s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.
naturally like your website but you have to take a look at the spelling on several of your posts. Several of them are rife with spelling problems and I to find it very bothersome to inform the truth then again I’ll surely come again again.
I am very happy to read this. This is the type of manual that needs to be given and not the accidental misinformation that’s at the other blogs. Appreciate your sharing this greatest doc.
I am not sure where you are getting your information, but great topic. I needs to spend some time learning much more or understanding more. Thanks for wonderful info I was looking for this information for my mission.
Hey! I could have sworn I’ve been to this blog before but after browsing through some of the post I realized it’s new to me. Nonetheless, I’m definitely happy I found it and I’ll be bookmarking and checking back frequently!
I just like the helpful info you supply for your articles. I’ll bookmark your blog and check again right here regularly. I am reasonably sure I’ll be informed plenty of new stuff right right here! Best of luck for the following!
There are some interesting points in time on this article but I don’t know if I see all of them heart to heart. There is some validity but I’ll take hold opinion till I look into it further. Good article , thanks and we want more! Added to FeedBurner as well
Definitely believe that which you stated. Your favorite reason appeared to be on the web the simplest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I certainly get annoyed while people think about worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will probably be back to get more. Thanks
Great post. I was checking continuously this blog and I am impressed! Extremely helpful info specially the last part 🙂 I care for such information much. I was looking for this particular info for a very long time. Thank you and good luck.
Hey! I’m at work surfing around your blog from my new iphone 4! Just wanted to say I love reading through your blog and look forward to all your posts! Keep up the fantastic work!
It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d definitely donate to this fantastic blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to brand new updates and will talk about this website with my Facebook group. Talk soon!
Wonderful blog! I found it while browsing on Yahoo News. Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it
I enjoy, lead to I found exactly what I was having a look for. You have ended my four day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye
That is the suitable blog for anybody who wants to search out out about this topic. You understand a lot its virtually exhausting to argue with you (not that I truly would need…HaHa). You undoubtedly put a brand new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Nice stuff, simply great!
Heya i’m for the primary time here. I came across this board and I to find It truly helpful & it helped me out a lot. I’m hoping to give something again and help others like you aided me.
The new Zune browser is surprisingly good, but not as good as the iPod’s. It works well, but isn’t as fast as Safari, and has a clunkier interface. If you occasionally plan on using the web browser that’s not an issue, but if you’re planning to browse the web alot from your PMP then the iPod’s larger screen and better browser may be important.
Valuable information. Fortunate me I found your web site by accident, and I am surprised why this twist of fate did not took place earlier! I bookmarked it.
The Zune concentrates on being a Portable Media Player. Not a web browser. Not a game machine. Maybe in the future it’ll do even better in those areas, but for now it’s a fantastic way to organize and listen to your music and videos, and is without peer in that regard. The iPod’s strengths are its web browsing and apps. If those sound more compelling, perhaps it is your best choice.
Thank you, I have just been searching for info about this topic for ages and yours is the best I’ve discovered so far. But, what about the conclusion? Are you sure about the source?
Oh my goodness! an incredible article dude. Thank you Nonetheless I am experiencing concern with ur rss . Don’t know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting equivalent rss downside? Anybody who knows kindly respond. Thnkx
Just about all of what you mention is supprisingly legitimate and it makes me ponder the reason why I hadn’t looked at this in this light before. Your piece truly did switch the light on for me as far as this particular issue goes. But at this time there is 1 factor I am not too comfortable with and while I try to reconcile that with the actual main idea of the issue, let me observe what the rest of your visitors have to point out.Nicely done.
My husband and i got really satisfied when Emmanuel managed to deal with his investigation by way of the precious recommendations he discovered through your blog. It’s not at all simplistic to simply always be giving for free solutions which often the rest may have been trying to sell. And we discover we need you to appreciate because of that. Those explanations you have made, the easy blog menu, the friendships you help to foster — it is most extraordinary, and it’s helping our son and us reason why that idea is brilliant, which is certainly incredibly indispensable. Thanks for all the pieces!
I just like the valuable information you supply in your articles. I will bookmark your weblog and take a look at again here regularly. I’m moderately certain I’ll be informed lots of new stuff proper here! Best of luck for the following!
We are a group of volunteers and opening a new scheme in our community. Your web site provided us with valuable information to work on. You’ve done a formidable job and our entire community will be grateful to you.
I carry on listening to the news lecture about receiving boundless online grant applications so I have been looking around for the best site to get one. Could you advise me please, where could i get some?
The Zune concentrates on being a Portable Media Player. Not a web browser. Not a game machine. Maybe in the future it’ll do even better in those areas, but for now it’s a fantastic way to organize and listen to your music and videos, and is without peer in that regard. The iPod’s strengths are its web browsing and apps. If those sound more compelling, perhaps it is your best choice.
Awsome article and straight to the point. I am not sure if this is really the best place to ask but do you folks have any ideea where to employ some professional writers? Thanks 🙂
Hi there! I know this is kinda off topic but I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links or maybe guest authoring a blog post or vice-versa? My website goes over a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other. If you’re interested feel free to send me an e-mail. I look forward to hearing from you! Great blog by the way!