В наши дни очень актуально применение электрического теплого пола, преимущественно при подогреве керамической плитки, обогреве лоджии, бани либо веранды. Также такие полы используют как дополнение к основному виду отопления. Укладка такого пола достаточно проста, если следовать инструкциям.
Схема теплого электрического пола
Структуру электрического пола начиная от нижнего слоя следующая:
- основной черновой пол из бетона, который необходимо выполнять максимально ровно, без впадин и бугорков, чтобы не пережечь кабель;
- теплоизолирующая неплавкая подложка под электрический пол, например, пенополистирол либо пенополиэтилен с отражающим слоем из фольги толщину, которой подбирают соответственно температурным нагрузкам;
- крепежная система, представляющая собой монтажную ленту либо арматурную сетку;
- нагревательный кабель с наличием температурного датчика, который подает информацию на терморегулятор;
- заливка специальной смеси для теплых полов либо цементно-песочная стяжка толщиной около 3-5 сантиметров;
- напольное финишное покрытие, в большинстве случаев плитка, но возможна прокладка и иного покрытия.
Материалы
Электрический теплый пол бывает двух разновидностей :
- Пол, который сформирован методом самостоятельной укладки кабеля нагревания.
- Пол с нагревательными матами, то есть стеклосетка, в которой имеется уже проложенный кабель.
Принципиального отличия между этими разновидностями нет. В первом случае имеется свобода режима обогрева и расположения кабеля, а также возможность использования нагревательного кабеля, как для основной, так и для дополнительной системы отопления. Маты же, как правило, используют для дополнительного обогрева.
Кабели в свою очередь бывают резистивные и саморегулирующиеся.Резистивный состоит из одной либо двух жил, которые обладают повышенным сопротивлением. Он также называется одножильным либо двужильным.
Двужильные кабели довольно просты в монтаже и оборудованы системой рассеивания электромагнитного излучения намного лучше. Саморегулирующийся кабель немного отличается по конструкции.
В данном случае, исходя из своей конструкции, по всей длине кабеля происходит процесс самостоятельной регуляции силы тока, влияющей на нагревательный элемент. Благодаря этому кабель не перегревается на каком-либо участке и не нарушает систему обогрева, в отличие от кабеля первого типа. Однако такой вариант обходится дороже по цене.
Порядок работы
При формировании электрического пола важен правильный расчет мощности системы обогрева для конкретного помещения. Также температуру пола следует учесть при подборе покрытия пола. Общие данные для помещений различного типа следующие:
- в спальне — 100 -150 Вт/кв.м;
- в коридоре, кухне и прихожей комнате — 150 Вт/кв.м;
- в ванной и туалете — 180 Вт/кв.м;
- на балконе или в лоджии — 200 Вт/кв.м.
Так или иначе рекомендуется обратиться к услугам специалиста, который точно определит нужную мощность и поможет подобрать нужные материалы. Таким же образом должна составляться схема электрического теплового пола. Участие специалиста также необходимо при подключении системы и проведении от распределительного щита дополнительной усиленной линии проводки. Монтажные работы же можно проводить самостоятельно.
Выравнивание полов и укладка теплоизоляции
В случае, если теплый пол служит в качестве основного источника обогрева следует обязательно применить слой теплоизоляции, толщина которого зависит от того, что уложено непосредственно под покрытием пола. Лучше всего для этого подходит пенополистирол 35-ой плотности. Для помещений выше первого этажа при наличии внизу отапливаемого помещения достаточно применить утеплитель толщиной 2 сантиметра. Для помещений же первого этажа с наличием отапливаемого подвала рекомендуется применение утеплителя толщиной 3 сантиметра. Для помещений первого этажа без отапливаемых подвалов, балконов, а также помещений, находящихся над арочными сквозными пролетами следует использовать утеплитель толщиной не менее 5 сантиметров, а в домах с бетонной подушкой, лежащей на грунте – 10 сантиметров.
Слой теплоизоляции можно прикрепить при помощи специальных дюбелей либо уложить на специальный клей. Полы необходимо делать ровными, без ям, трещин и перекосов. В обратном случае трещины заделываются цементным раствором, а при перекосе делается черновая стяжка и выравнивается пол. Перед укладкой теплоизоляции поверхность обрабатывается грунтовкой, которая препятствует образованию плесени, а при склеивании слоя теплоизоляции благодаря грунтовке повышается сцепление материалов между собой. Плиты клеятся либо закрепляются в нескольких местах посредством дюбелей. По поверхности фиксируют штукатурную сетку при помощи пластиковых плит либо дюбелей с шайбами, равными по длине толщине слоя теплоизоляции. Такой крепеж дополнительно прикрепляет к полу плиты.
Расчет кабеля
Кабель должен покрывать поверхность помещения на 80% площади всего помещения. На 1 квадратный метр закладывается мощность в рамках 180-200 Вт/ м². Необходимо до укладки проверить сопротивление секций кабеля. Допустимо отклонение около 10% в обе стороны от показателя, указанного в техпаспорте. Кабель не прокладывается в местах нахождения бытовой техники, крупногабаритной мебели без опорных ножек. От стен отступают на 5-7 сантиметров. Далее рассчитывается шаг для укладки кабеля. В сантиметрах шаг равняется площади обогрева, умножаемой на 100 и делимой на длину кабеля. До укладки кабеля следует учесть то, что секция одножильного кабеля соединяется с нагревательным проводом в двух концах, а у двужильного кабеля с одного.
Подготовительные работы
Чтобы установить терморегулятор в стене на месте крепления вырезается углубление и проделывается штроба до пола. Посредством алебастра крепят монтажную коробку для терморегулятора. Из нее выходит гофрированная трубка, которая укладывается в штобру и замазывается алебастром. Конец трубки на 40 сантиметров заводят в зону обогрева, расположив ее так, чтобы термодатчик находился между витками кабеля в центре. У трубы не должно быть резких изгибов. Под ее конец, на место расположения датчика, подкладывается материал для возвышения для того, чтобы датчик находился почти под полом, правильно фиксируя температуру. Трубку на конце следует плотно закрыть с помощью изоленты для предотвращения попадания в нее раствора при стяжке.
Укладка кабеля
Кабель располагают змейкой, при этом соблюдают вычисленный шаг. Можно зафиксировать его к металлической сетке при помощи пластиковых стяжек минимальной длины. Затем после укладки проверяется и записывается сопротивление кабеля, зарисовывается схема расположения витков кабеля, включается и проверяется работоспособность системы. После этого все отключается, снимается терморегулятор до завершения работ по отделке пола.
hello there and thanks in your information – I’ve certainly picked up something new from right here. I did alternatively expertise several technical issues the use of this site, since I experienced to reload the website many occasions previous to I may just get it to load correctly. I have been pondering in case your web host is OK? No longer that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading circumstances times will sometimes have an effect on your placement in google and can injury your quality rating if advertising and ***********|advertising|advertising|advertising and *********** with Adwords. Anyway I am adding this RSS to my email and can look out for a lot extra of your respective intriguing content. Make sure you replace this again soon..
I and also my guys were found to be following the nice secrets and techniques from your web page and so suddenly I got a terrible feeling I had not expressed respect to the blog owner for those techniques. All of the young boys came for this reason passionate to read through all of them and have truly been using those things. Thanks for genuinely quite helpful as well as for considering this form of wonderful ideas most people are really needing to be aware of. My very own sincere regret for not saying thanks to you earlier.
I cherished as much as you will obtain carried out right here. The sketch is tasteful, your authored subject matter stylish. however, you command get got an edginess over that you wish be handing over the following. sick for sure come further before again since precisely the same nearly a lot regularly inside case you shield this hike.
Well I truly enjoyed studying it. This subject provided by you is very helpful for correct planning.
Somebody essentially help to make seriously posts I would state. This is the very first time I frequented your website page and thus far? I surprised with the research you made to make this particular publish incredible. Magnificent job!
I’ve read some excellent stuff here. Definitely value bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how a lot attempt you place to create this type of excellent informative web site.
fantastic post, very informative. I wonder why the other specialists of this sector don’t notice this. You should continue your writing. I am sure, you have a huge readers’ base already!
Good post. I learn one thing more challenging on completely different blogs everyday. It can all the time be stimulating to learn content from other writers and apply a bit of something from their store. I’d favor to make use of some with the content material on my blog whether you don’t mind. Natually I’ll offer you a hyperlink in your internet blog. Thanks for sharing.
Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I’ll certainly return.
Please let me know if you’re looking for a writer for your blog. You have some really good articles and I believe I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d really like to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please blast me an e-mail if interested. Thank you!
Just want to say your article is as surprising. The clarity in your post is just great and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me to grab your feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please continue the gratifying work.
I have read several good stuff here. Definitely worth bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much attempt you put to make this sort of magnificent informative web site.
I do not even know how I ended up here, but I thought this post was good. I do not know who you are but certainly you are going to a famous blogger if you aren’t already 😉 Cheers!
Great post. I was checking continuously this blog and I’m impressed! Very helpful info particularly the last part 🙂 I care for such information a lot. I was seeking this particular info for a long time. Thank you and best of luck.
Great work! This is the type of info that should be shared around the internet. Shame on Google for not positioning this post higher! Come on over and visit my site . Thanks =)
I like the helpful information you provide on your articles. I’ll bookmark your weblog and test again right here frequently. I am quite sure I will be informed lots of new stuff proper right here! Best of luck for the next!
When I originally commented I clicked the «Notify me when new comments are added» checkbox and now each time a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service? Bless you!
There are definitely a variety of details like that to take into consideration. That is a great point to bring up. I supply the thoughts above as general inspiration but clearly there are questions just like the one you deliver up the place the most important thing will be working in honest good faith. I don?t know if finest practices have emerged around issues like that, however I am sure that your job is clearly recognized as a fair game. Each girls and boys feel the impact of just a moment’s pleasure, for the rest of their lives.
Together with almost everything which appears to be developing inside this specific subject matter, a significant percentage of points of view are very radical. On the other hand, I appologize, but I do not give credence to your whole idea, all be it refreshing none the less. It appears to everyone that your comments are not entirely justified and in simple fact you are generally yourself not really fully confident of the point. In any case I did enjoy examining it.
Thank you a lot for sharing this with all of us you actually recognize what you are speaking approximately! Bookmarked. Kindly additionally consult with my web site =). We will have a hyperlink alternate arrangement among us!
I’ve learn a few excellent stuff here. Certainly price bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much attempt you put to create such a wonderful informative web site.
My brother suggested I would possibly like this blog. He was once entirely right. This put up truly made my day. You can not believe just how so much time I had spent for this info! Thank you!
Heya i’m for the first time here. I found this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to give something back and aid others like you helped me.
great submit, very informative. I’m wondering why the other experts of this sector do not realize this. You must proceed your writing. I’m confident, you have a great readers’ base already!
It’s actually a nice and useful piece of information. I am satisfied that you shared this useful info with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.
You should take part in a contest for among the best blogs on the web. I’ll suggest this site!
There are definitely lots of details like that to take into consideration. That could be a nice level to deliver up. I offer the ideas above as general inspiration however clearly there are questions just like the one you bring up where crucial thing might be working in honest good faith. I don?t know if best practices have emerged round issues like that, however I am sure that your job is clearly identified as a good game. Each girls and boys really feel the affect of just a second’s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.
Very nice post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have truly enjoyed surfing around your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again very soon!
Hi! Someone in my Facebook group shared this website with us so I came to look it over. I’m definitely loving the information. I’m bookmarking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Great blog and fantastic style and design.
Wonderful goods from you, man. I’ve understand your stuff previous to and you’re just extremely great. I really like what you’ve acquired here, really like what you are saying and the way in which you say it. You make it entertaining and you still care for to keep it sensible. I can’t wait to read far more from you. This is really a great web site.
you’re in point of fact a good webmaster. The site loading velocity is amazing. It sort of feels that you are doing any distinctive trick. Also, The contents are masterwork. you’ve performed a excellent job on this subject!
The very root of your writing while sounding reasonable at first, did not really work properly with me personally after some time. Somewhere throughout the sentences you actually were able to make me a believer unfortunately just for a while. I nevertheless have a problem with your jumps in assumptions and one might do well to fill in all those breaks. In the event you actually can accomplish that, I could definitely be amazed.
magnificent points altogether, you just gained a brand new reader. What would you recommend about your post that you made some days ago? Any positive?
whoah this blog is magnificent i love reading your articles. Keep up the great work! You know, a lot of people are looking around for this information, you can aid them greatly.
Hi, i think that i saw you visited my website thus i came to “return the favor”.I am attempting to find things to enhance my website!I suppose its ok to use some of your ideas!!
Needed to write you one very little word to finally thank you very much as before with the pleasant principles you have documented at this time. It is quite shockingly generous with you to grant extensively all a few individuals would have offered as an electronic book to help with making some cash on their own, most importantly given that you could possibly have tried it if you ever wanted. The tactics additionally served to become fantastic way to be certain that most people have similar dream just as my very own to find out whole lot more on the topic of this matter. I am sure there are millions of more fun sessions ahead for people who find out your website.
Hey there! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this website? I’m getting fed up of WordPress because I’ve had problems with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be fantastic if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
With havin so much content and articles do you ever run into any problems of plagorism or copyright infringement? My site has a lot of unique content I’ve either created myself or outsourced but it seems a lot of it is popping it up all over the internet without my agreement. Do you know any ways to help stop content from being ripped off? I’d truly appreciate it.
That is the appropriate blog for anybody who needs to find out about this topic. You notice a lot its almost hard to argue with you (not that I actually would need…HaHa). You undoubtedly put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, just nice!
One thing I’d prefer to say is always that before acquiring more pc memory, have a look at the machine directly into which it can be installed. When the machine is usually running Windows XP, for instance, the actual memory limit is 3.25GB. Adding over this would easily constitute a waste. Make sure one’s motherboard can handle an upgrade amount, as well. Good blog post.
Hey there! Do you know if they make any plugins to safeguard against hackers? I’m kinda paranoid about losing everything I’ve worked hard on. Any tips?
At this time it appears like BlogEngine is the best blogging platform available right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you are using on your blog?
I really wanted to construct a brief message in order to thank you for those splendid tips you are giving out at this site. My particularly long internet search has finally been rewarded with good facts and techniques to share with my good friends. I would suppose that most of us site visitors actually are very much blessed to live in a magnificent network with so many marvellous individuals with very beneficial solutions. I feel truly happy to have seen your website and look forward to some more excellent times reading here. Thanks again for everything.
I appreciate, cause I found exactly what I was looking for. You’ve ended my four day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read something like this before. So nice to search out somebody with some original thoughts on this subject. realy thank you for starting this up. this web site is one thing that’s wanted on the web, somebody with a bit of originality. useful job for bringing one thing new to the internet!
whoah this blog is excellent i love reading your articles. Keep up the good work! You know, many people are looking around for this info, you can help them greatly.
Hey There. I found your weblog using msn. This is a very smartly written article. I’ll be sure to bookmark it and come back to learn extra of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I will certainly comeback.
Hi, Neat post. There is an issue with your website in internet explorer, would check this… IE still is the marketplace leader and a good element of people will miss your magnificent writing due to this problem.
Thank you for another excellent article. Where else could anybody get that kind of info in such an ideal way of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am on the look for such info.
Hey very cool site!! Man .. Beautiful .. Amazing .. I’ll bookmark your web site and take the feeds also…I’m happy to find so many useful information here in the post, we need develop more strategies in this regard, thanks for sharing. . . . . .