В наши дни очень актуально применение электрического теплого пола, преимущественно при подогреве керамической плитки, обогреве лоджии, бани либо веранды. Также такие полы используют как дополнение к основному виду отопления. Укладка такого пола достаточно проста, если следовать инструкциям.
Схема теплого электрического пола
Структуру электрического пола начиная от нижнего слоя следующая:
- основной черновой пол из бетона, который необходимо выполнять максимально ровно, без впадин и бугорков, чтобы не пережечь кабель;
- теплоизолирующая неплавкая подложка под электрический пол, например, пенополистирол либо пенополиэтилен с отражающим слоем из фольги толщину, которой подбирают соответственно температурным нагрузкам;
- крепежная система, представляющая собой монтажную ленту либо арматурную сетку;
- нагревательный кабель с наличием температурного датчика, который подает информацию на терморегулятор;
- заливка специальной смеси для теплых полов либо цементно-песочная стяжка толщиной около 3-5 сантиметров;
- напольное финишное покрытие, в большинстве случаев плитка, но возможна прокладка и иного покрытия.
Материалы
Электрический теплый пол бывает двух разновидностей :
- Пол, который сформирован методом самостоятельной укладки кабеля нагревания.
- Пол с нагревательными матами, то есть стеклосетка, в которой имеется уже проложенный кабель.
Принципиального отличия между этими разновидностями нет. В первом случае имеется свобода режима обогрева и расположения кабеля, а также возможность использования нагревательного кабеля, как для основной, так и для дополнительной системы отопления. Маты же, как правило, используют для дополнительного обогрева.
Кабели в свою очередь бывают резистивные и саморегулирующиеся.Резистивный состоит из одной либо двух жил, которые обладают повышенным сопротивлением. Он также называется одножильным либо двужильным.
Двужильные кабели довольно просты в монтаже и оборудованы системой рассеивания электромагнитного излучения намного лучше. Саморегулирующийся кабель немного отличается по конструкции.
В данном случае, исходя из своей конструкции, по всей длине кабеля происходит процесс самостоятельной регуляции силы тока, влияющей на нагревательный элемент. Благодаря этому кабель не перегревается на каком-либо участке и не нарушает систему обогрева, в отличие от кабеля первого типа. Однако такой вариант обходится дороже по цене.
Порядок работы
При формировании электрического пола важен правильный расчет мощности системы обогрева для конкретного помещения. Также температуру пола следует учесть при подборе покрытия пола. Общие данные для помещений различного типа следующие:
- в спальне — 100 -150 Вт/кв.м;
- в коридоре, кухне и прихожей комнате — 150 Вт/кв.м;
- в ванной и туалете — 180 Вт/кв.м;
- на балконе или в лоджии — 200 Вт/кв.м.
Так или иначе рекомендуется обратиться к услугам специалиста, который точно определит нужную мощность и поможет подобрать нужные материалы. Таким же образом должна составляться схема электрического теплового пола. Участие специалиста также необходимо при подключении системы и проведении от распределительного щита дополнительной усиленной линии проводки. Монтажные работы же можно проводить самостоятельно.
Выравнивание полов и укладка теплоизоляции
В случае, если теплый пол служит в качестве основного источника обогрева следует обязательно применить слой теплоизоляции, толщина которого зависит от того, что уложено непосредственно под покрытием пола. Лучше всего для этого подходит пенополистирол 35-ой плотности. Для помещений выше первого этажа при наличии внизу отапливаемого помещения достаточно применить утеплитель толщиной 2 сантиметра. Для помещений же первого этажа с наличием отапливаемого подвала рекомендуется применение утеплителя толщиной 3 сантиметра. Для помещений первого этажа без отапливаемых подвалов, балконов, а также помещений, находящихся над арочными сквозными пролетами следует использовать утеплитель толщиной не менее 5 сантиметров, а в домах с бетонной подушкой, лежащей на грунте – 10 сантиметров.
Слой теплоизоляции можно прикрепить при помощи специальных дюбелей либо уложить на специальный клей. Полы необходимо делать ровными, без ям, трещин и перекосов. В обратном случае трещины заделываются цементным раствором, а при перекосе делается черновая стяжка и выравнивается пол. Перед укладкой теплоизоляции поверхность обрабатывается грунтовкой, которая препятствует образованию плесени, а при склеивании слоя теплоизоляции благодаря грунтовке повышается сцепление материалов между собой. Плиты клеятся либо закрепляются в нескольких местах посредством дюбелей. По поверхности фиксируют штукатурную сетку при помощи пластиковых плит либо дюбелей с шайбами, равными по длине толщине слоя теплоизоляции. Такой крепеж дополнительно прикрепляет к полу плиты.
Расчет кабеля
Кабель должен покрывать поверхность помещения на 80% площади всего помещения. На 1 квадратный метр закладывается мощность в рамках 180-200 Вт/ м². Необходимо до укладки проверить сопротивление секций кабеля. Допустимо отклонение около 10% в обе стороны от показателя, указанного в техпаспорте. Кабель не прокладывается в местах нахождения бытовой техники, крупногабаритной мебели без опорных ножек. От стен отступают на 5-7 сантиметров. Далее рассчитывается шаг для укладки кабеля. В сантиметрах шаг равняется площади обогрева, умножаемой на 100 и делимой на длину кабеля. До укладки кабеля следует учесть то, что секция одножильного кабеля соединяется с нагревательным проводом в двух концах, а у двужильного кабеля с одного.
Подготовительные работы
Чтобы установить терморегулятор в стене на месте крепления вырезается углубление и проделывается штроба до пола. Посредством алебастра крепят монтажную коробку для терморегулятора. Из нее выходит гофрированная трубка, которая укладывается в штобру и замазывается алебастром. Конец трубки на 40 сантиметров заводят в зону обогрева, расположив ее так, чтобы термодатчик находился между витками кабеля в центре. У трубы не должно быть резких изгибов. Под ее конец, на место расположения датчика, подкладывается материал для возвышения для того, чтобы датчик находился почти под полом, правильно фиксируя температуру. Трубку на конце следует плотно закрыть с помощью изоленты для предотвращения попадания в нее раствора при стяжке.
Укладка кабеля
Кабель располагают змейкой, при этом соблюдают вычисленный шаг. Можно зафиксировать его к металлической сетке при помощи пластиковых стяжек минимальной длины. Затем после укладки проверяется и записывается сопротивление кабеля, зарисовывается схема расположения витков кабеля, включается и проверяется работоспособность системы. После этого все отключается, снимается терморегулятор до завершения работ по отделке пола.
Another thing I’ve really noticed is the fact for many people, bad credit is the reaction of circumstances past their control. By way of example they may happen to be saddled by having an illness and as a consequence they have high bills for collections. It could be due to a occupation loss or inability to go to work. Sometimes breakup can truly send the financial situation in a downward direction. Many thanks for sharing your ideas on this website.
Another thing I have noticed is the fact for many people, below-average credit is the response to circumstances above their control. For instance they may have already been saddled through an illness so that they have large bills going to collections. It would be due to a work loss and the inability to work. Sometimes breakup can truly send the finances in the undesired direction. Thanks for sharing your notions on this blog.
One thing is the fact that one of the most prevalent incentives for using your credit cards is a cash-back or even rebate present. Generally, you’ll receive 1-5 back in various acquisitions. Depending on the credit card, you may get 1 back again on most buying, and 5 back on acquisitions made going to convenience stores, filling stations, grocery stores and ‘member merchants’.
Another thing I have noticed is for many people, less-than-perfect credit is the results of circumstances above their control. By way of example they may be actually saddled through an illness so they really have large bills going to collections. It could be due to a job loss or the inability to go to work. Sometimes divorce process can truly send the financial situation in a downward direction. Many thanks sharing your thinking on this weblog.
One thing is that often one of the most prevalent incentives for utilizing your card is a cash-back and also rebate present. Generally, you’re going to get 1-5 back on various expenses. Depending on the credit cards, you may get 1 in return on most expenditures, and 5 again on buying made from convenience stores, gas stations, grocery stores plus ‘member merchants’.
Thanks for your suggestions. One thing we’ve noticed is banks and also financial institutions have in mind the spending routines of consumers and understand that plenty of people max out their real credit cards around the vacations. They sensibly take advantage of this real fact and start flooding ones inbox plus snail-mail box together with hundreds of 0 APR credit card offers right after the holiday season ends. Knowing that should you be like 98 in the American general public, you’ll leap at the one opportunity to consolidate card debt and switch balances for 0 apr interest rates credit cards.
Thanks for this excellent article. One other thing is that many digital cameras arrive equipped with a new zoom lens that allows more or less of that scene being included by ‘zooming’ in and out. These changes in the aim length are usually reflected inside the viewfinder and on large display screen right at the back of the specific camera.
Thanks for the tips you are sharing on this weblog. Another thing I would like to say is the fact getting hold of duplicates of your credit score in order to inspect accuracy of each and every detail is one first action you have to carry out in credit restoration. You are looking to cleanse your credit reports from detrimental details errors that mess up your credit score.
I have observed that in old digital cameras, special sensors help to focus automatically. The sensors involving some cameras change in in the area of contrast, while others start using a beam of infra-red (IR) light, particularly in low light. Higher specs cameras from time to time use a combination of both techniques and likely have Face Priority AF where the video camera can ‘See’ some sort of face while keeping your focus only upon that. Thank you for sharing your thinking on this blog site.
Another thing I have noticed is that for many people, less-than-perfect credit is the reaction of circumstances further than their control. For example they may be actually saddled by having an illness so they have more bills going to collections. It may be due to a job loss or even the inability to go to work. Sometimes divorce can really send the financial situation in an opposite direction. Thanks sharing your thinking on this website.
I’ve come across that these days, more and more people are increasingly being attracted to cameras and the issue of digital photography. However, being a photographer, you will need to first commit so much time frame deciding the model of video camera to buy in addition to moving store to store just so you may buy the lowest priced camera of the brand you have decided to settle on. But it would not end generally there. You also have take into consideration whether you should obtain a digital video camera extended warranty. Thanks a lot for the good recommendations I received from your weblog.
Thanks for your write-up. I would like to say that the very first thing you will need to conduct is determine if you really need credit score improvement. To do that you have got to get your hands on a copy of your credit history. That should never be difficult, since government mandates that you are allowed to obtain one absolutely free copy of your actual credit report every year. You just have to check with the right persons. You can either check out the website for the Federal Trade Commission or even contact one of the leading credit agencies specifically.
One thing is the fact one of the most widespread incentives for applying your card is a cash-back or maybe rebate provision. Generally, you’ll have access to 1-5 back in various expenditures. Depending on the credit card, you may get 1 in return on most expenses, and 5 back on acquisitions made at convenience stores, filling stations, grocery stores and ‘member merchants’.
Another thing I have really noticed is the fact that for many people, low credit score is the consequence of circumstances over and above their control. For example they may happen to be saddled with an illness so they really have higher bills for collections. Maybe it’s due to a employment loss and the inability to work. Sometimes divorce process can send the budget in a downward direction. Thanks sharing your notions on this weblog.
Thanks for the tips about credit repair on this excellent blog. The thing I would tell people would be to give up this mentality they will buy at this moment and shell out later. Like a society most of us tend to make this happen for many factors. This includes family vacations, furniture, as well as items we’d like. However, you have to separate your own wants from the needs. If you are working to raise your credit ranking score actually you need some sacrifices. For example you are able to shop online to save money or you can look at second hand retailers instead of high-priced department stores with regard to clothing.
Another thing I’ve noticed is for many people, poor credit is the reaction of circumstances over and above their control. By way of example they may be actually saddled with illness and as a consequence they have large bills for collections. It would be due to a employment loss or inability to go to work. Sometimes breakup can really send the funds in the undesired direction. Many thanks for sharing your ideas on this blog site.
In these days of austerity plus relative anxiety about having debt, many people balk contrary to the idea of using a credit card in order to make acquisition of merchandise or perhaps pay for a trip, preferring, instead to rely on the particular tried plus trusted means of making payment — raw cash. However, in case you have the cash there to make the purchase in full, then, paradoxically, that is the best time to be able to use the cards for several motives.
Today, considering the fast lifestyle that everyone is having, credit cards get this amazing demand throughout the market. Persons coming from every field are using credit card and people who not using the credit card have lined up to apply for one. Thanks for discussing your ideas on credit cards.
These days of austerity plus relative panic about taking on debt, some people balk resistant to the idea of using a credit card to make acquisition of merchandise or perhaps pay for any gift giving occasion, preferring, instead to rely on the tried in addition to trusted means of making transaction — raw cash. However, if you possess the cash available to make the purchase in whole, then, paradoxically, that is the best time for them to use the cards for several reasons.
In these days of austerity as well as relative anxiety about incurring debt, most people balk contrary to the idea of employing a credit card in order to make acquisition of merchandise or perhaps pay for a vacation, preferring, instead to rely on a tried along with trusted technique of making transaction — cash. However, if you’ve got the cash available to make the purchase fully, then, paradoxically, this is the best time to use the credit cards for several causes.
These days of austerity and relative panic about running into debt, a lot of people balk resistant to the idea of using a credit card to make acquisition of merchandise or even pay for a trip, preferring, instead to rely on this tried as well as trusted means of making transaction — cash. However, if you’ve got the cash there to make the purchase entirely, then, paradoxically, that’s the best time for you to use the credit cards for several causes.
In these days of austerity and also relative anxiousness about running into debt, a lot of people balk up against the idea of making use of a credit card to make purchase of merchandise or pay for any occasion, preferring, instead just to rely on the actual tried and trusted means of making repayment — raw cash. However, if you’ve got the cash available to make the purchase completely, then, paradoxically, that’s the best time for you to use the card for several causes.
Another thing I have noticed is always that for many people, poor credit is the result of circumstances further than their control. One example is they may have been saddled by having an illness and because of this they have large bills for collections. It would be due to a occupation loss or perhaps the inability to do the job. Sometimes separation and divorce can send the finances in an opposite direction. Many thanks for sharing your ideas on this site.
I have noticed that in digital cameras, special detectors help to concentrate automatically. The actual sensors of some cams change in contrast, while others start using a beam of infra-red (IR) light, specially in low lumination. Higher standards cameras oftentimes use a mixture of both systems and likely have Face Priority AF where the photographic camera can ‘See’ any face and concentrate only in that. Many thanks for sharing your notions on this blog.
Another thing I have noticed is for many people, below-average credit is the results of circumstances beyond their control. Such as they may happen to be saddled through an illness and because of this they have substantial bills going to collections. Maybe it’s due to a employment loss or maybe the inability to work. Sometimes breakup can send the money in a downward direction. Many thanks sharing your notions on this website.
Today, considering the fast way of living that everyone is having, credit cards have a huge demand throughout the economy. Persons coming from every field are using the credit card and people who aren’t using the credit card have arranged to apply for one. Thanks for giving your ideas on credit cards.
Thanks for your concepts. One thing we have noticed is the fact that banks and financial institutions have in mind the spending habits of consumers as well as understand that most people max away their real credit cards around the holiday seasons. They sensibly take advantage of this specific fact and commence flooding your current inbox and also snail-mail box by using hundreds of 0 APR card offers right after the holiday season ends. Knowing that when you are like 98 of the American open public, you’ll rush at the possible opportunity to consolidate financial debt and transfer balances for 0 annual percentage rates credit cards.
Thanks for the tips you are giving on this blog site. Another thing I want to say is always that getting hold of duplicates of your credit file in order to check accuracy of any detail is one first action you have to execute in credit repair. You are looking to freshen your credit report from destructive details mistakes that spoil your credit score.
Thanks for your ideas. One thing I have noticed is banks as well as financial institutions know the spending patterns of consumers while also understand that many people max outside their credit cards around the holiday seasons. They prudently take advantage of this specific fact and begin flooding ones inbox as well as snail-mail box by using hundreds of Zero APR card offers shortly when the holiday season closes. Knowing that should you be like 98 of all American public, you’ll hop at the opportunity to consolidate consumer credit card debt and move balances towards 0 APR credit cards.